Telecommunications operators play a crucial role to maintain economical and educational activities. The research contributions of the PhD thesis aim at analyzing the impact of telecommunications infrastructure on the right to education, especially in terms of digital inclusion, in order to propose infrastructure solutions guaranteeing a smooth online learning for millions of users simultaneously. This infrastructure is based on the concept of cloud computing deployed at different levels: centralized cloud, edge computing and beyond - at a level very closed to the user - such as in the Internet box at home, in vehicles or in cellphones. The problem of digital infrastructure deployment can be formulated as an multi-objective optimization problem. Classical optimization methods in operation research, methods based on artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches to solve the optimization problem will be investigated. Solutions will be proposed to different usecases: urban areas, out-of-coverage areas, rural areas, border areas, in the Covid-19 and post-Covid-19 contexts. The research results will figure out technical and social recommendations for inclusive education.