Supervision : Dimitri GALAYKO

Co-supervision : FERUGLIO Sylvain

Design and construction of a portable system for acquisition and processing of microwave chip signals non-invasive diagnosis of carotid atheromatous lesions

Portable medical devices based on digital analogue mixed electronic systems are now essential tools for health practitioners to increase the effectiveness of diagnosis, patient comfort and to reduce care costs. Microwaves (MO) represent a field extremely promising investigation in the field of health. In particular, MOs have the characterize biological tissues according to their composition. An application with high relevance clinical would be analysis of carotid atheromatous plaques.Indeed, vascular accidents cerebral stroke (stroke) of carotid origin account for about 30% of ischemic strokes, or about 50000 people per year in France. They are the third leading cause of death in the world and a There is currently no means of diagnosis capable of accurately determine the risk of stroke in relation to a carotid lesion. Failing this, the the degree of shrinkage measured in Doppler Echo and CT. These methods do not take into account the complexity of the plaque and, in particular, its composition. Only histology is a validated method for identifying risk plates, known as vulnerable plates. However, it is invasive and is only available after surgery, so its clinical usefulness is limited. The ability of MO to differentiate biological tissues, based on their composition and in a non-invasive manner, could allow the identification of carotid plaques at risk of stroke in preoperative. The results ex-vivo preliminaries obtained using a first version of planar MO sensor showed that the symptomatic carotid plaques (which generated a stroke) have a dielectric constant significantly different from asymptomatic carotid plaques (which did not generate a stroke). The aim of this doctoral research project is to design and implement an embedded system for real-time acquisition and processing of MO sensor signals to validate its ability to determine in preoperative the stroke risk character of a carotid plaque. The development of this project involves optimization of the sensor prototype, standardization of the measurement protocol, development of the combined acquisition and processing system and its experimental validation. These developments by a multi-domain modeling phase of the device and its environment. This percutaneous device, usable in clinical practice, would constitute a major medical-scientific advance and will address a public health need

2022-2023 Publications